Defense Department Registry to Track Effects of Embedded Metal Fragments
By Samantha L. Quigley
The Armed Forces Institute of Pathology created the Embedded Metal Fragments Registry in December. Related Sites:
American Forces Press Service
WASHINGTON, Sept. 30, 2008 – A Defense
Department registry is helping officials gather data to be sure the
long-accepted practice of leaving embedded metal fragments in wounded
warriors’ bodies as long as vital organs aren’t threatened is valid.
“In
general, we’ve [always] felt that metal fragments in a body, if they’re
smaller than a certain size … and they’re not in a vital area of the
body, it’s OK to leave them in,” said Dr. Michael Kilpatrick, DoD’s
deputy director for force health protection and readiness. “That’s been
that way for, actually, centuries, [but] we want to be able to validate
that with actual data.”
To date, the registry deals only with wounded servicemembers from Operations Iraqi and Enduring Freedom.
The
military’s interest in the effects of embedded metal fragments began in
the early 1990s after Gulf War veterans reported health concerns,
Kilpatrick said. During the Gulf War, servicemembers used munitions
made with depleted uranium. The military had studied the effects of
firing munitions made from depleted uranium, but not the effects of
being hit with them.
Several servicemembers were hit with these
munitions in combat accidents, and looked to the depleted uranium as a
possible cause of illnesses Gulf War veterans were reporting. But
research that began in the mid-1990s hasn’t revealed any cause for
concern that depleted uranium fragments were causing harm to those
harboring them.
“We’ve had some 70 people followed at the
Baltimore [Veterans Affairs Medical Center] that were hit with depleted
uranium,” Kilpatrick said. “We’ve not seen any health effects in them
yet.”
The new registry’s aim is to look at the effects of
embedded metal fragments over the long term. To date, the registry has
looked at 400 to 500 fragments to determine their makeup.
Those
who have had fragments removed and sent to the registry but still live
with unrecoverable fragments will become part of a database, Kilpatrick
said. Administrators will use medical records created when
servicemembers were injured in blasts and subsequent medical records to
add to that database, Kilpatrick said.
This information will be
shared with the Veterans Affairs health care system, because the
intention of the registry is to follow the veterans for the rest of
their lives, he said.
“We’re really on the very ground floor of
building this registry,” Kilpatrick said. “As we’re working with the
services we’re saying, ‘Let’s make sure that we’re covering the people
who are in the electronic records that are really pretty valid from
about 2005 forward.’”
Earlier records, including those from the
very start of the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, aren’t in
electronic format and therefore are more difficult to use for the
registry, he said.
The registry holds promise on many fronts,
Kilpatrick said. It has the potential to help the military spot trends
and track down potential causes of illnesses, and it could lead to new
tests that would determine the type of metal and its concentration in
an individual.
It also will help the military keep tabs on the enemy.
“We
never know what the enemy may be shooting at us,” Kilpatrick said. “We
don’t really know what the enemy’s going to be putting in some of these
roadside devices. The question is always ‘What’s on the world market?’”
So far, Kilpatrick said, the catalogued metal fragments don’t show anything unusual.
“The
good news is that we’ve not seen anything in those fragments that is a
dangerous-type metal,” he said. “These are all the usual types of
metals -- iron being the most prevalent one, followed by aluminum or
copper or brass. Things you’d expect to see.”
The whole aim of
the program, he said, is to be able to care for servicemembers properly
and give them some peace of mind that the fragments they carry
shouldn’t cause any problems.
Embedded Metal Fragment Registry
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